sleep, doze, snore, slumber, wake, awaken, yawn, dream

Hi friends, how are you? We've been talking about a number of sets of verbs and their uses in real life situation. Tonight also, let's talk about another set of verbs we use in the following situation. Observe carefully.
I was reading a spy-story book. After some time I began to yawn and felt to be dozing. And I didn't know when I fell asleep. It was a deep slumber and I dreamt a scary dream. I saw some monster was chasing me and I was trying to run away from it as fast as I could but my legs failed to carry me. I fell flat on the ground and smashed my face. I groaned in pain in sleep when my sister awoke me up. Being bathed in sweat I woke up from bed.  
That's all for now. Feel free to ask question. Good night and sweet dreams.

evOvjxi ¯^fve-PwiÎ I Avgv‡`i Ae¯’v

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A_P AvR wK n‡”Q? AvR evOvjxiv Qvov †mbvevwnbx‡Z †Zv Ab¨ †KD †bB| wKš‘ KZRb †mbv Awdmvi, KZRb mvavib ˆmwbK †mB evOvjx‡`i nv‡ZB cÖvb w`‡q‡Q wb‡R‡`i Avf¨šÍixb mgm¨vi Kvi‡b †mUvI †Zv GKUv BwZnv‡mi welq n‡q Av‡Q, _vK‡eI| GK SUKvq 57 †PŠKm †mbv Awdmvi‡K cicv‡i cvVv‡bvi †h Pig I cig K…wZZ¡, †mUvI †Zv Avgv‡`i evOvjx‡`iB Agi KxwZ©| Avi †`‡ki cÖkvmb? ivg K‡nv! AvR‡K †Zv cvwK¯Ívbxiv †bB| Zvn‡j Avgv‡`i †`‡ki jv‡Lv †KvwU UvKv we‡`‡k cvPvi Ki‡Q Kviv? Kviv e¨vsK, exgv, †kqvi evRvi jyU Ki‡Q? Kviv kZ †KvwU UvKvi Qqgv‡mi cÖKí nvRvi †KvwU UvKvq wb‡q wM‡q RbM‡bi `y‡f©vM evow‡qB P‡j‡Q gv‡mi ci gvm, eQ‡ii ci eQi? Kviv mgm¨vi Avï mgvavb bv K‡i Zv cyÄxf’Z n‡Z w`‡q †`‡ki cwiw¯’wZ‡K µgvš^‡q RwUj †_‡K RwUjZi K‡i †dj‡Q? ZvB †h AvBqye Lvb‡K Avgv‡`i GZ AcQ›`, GZ wb›`bxq, Zvui H K_v¸‡jv wK AvR wg_¨v g‡b nq? ¯^vaxbZvi Ae¨ewnZ cy‡e© Aaybvjyß ˆ`wbK evsjvi cÖL¨vZ mvsevw`K giûg byiæj Bmjvg cv‡Uvqvix (whwb byBcv QÙbv‡g wjL‡Zb) wZwb AvBqye Lv‡bi GK mvÿvrKvi wb‡qwQ‡jb hv m¤¢eZt 1972 mv‡ji †deªæqvix‡Z cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| ivRbxwZ‡Z AvBqye Lvb wdi‡eb wK bv †m cÖ‡kœi Dˇi wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, You speak politics? Politics is a game of scoundrels. The people of this country are traitors. They deserve such a leader who can continuously bluff them.

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 e¯‘Zt Avgv‡`i evOvjxiv cÖvq AvengvbKvj a‡iB, Kwe¸iæi fvlvq, †Kej †jvfx, cikÖxKvZi, wnsmyKB bB, Pig Ajm I Kvg‡PviI e‡U hw`I Aí wKQz e¨wZµg ev‡`| Avgiv kZ †c‡j nvRvi, nvRvi †c‡j jvL, jvL †c‡j †KvwU, Avi †KvwU †c‡j Av‡iv KZ wK †h PvB Zvi †Kvb cwimxgv †bB| Kvib †jv‡fiB †Kvb mxgv _v‡K bv| A_©bxwZi µgn«vmgvb Dc‡hvM wewa G †ÿ‡Î m¤úyb© e¨wZµg| Kvib UvKv-cqmv, g` Avi bvix-‡jvjycZv - hv AvR‡K GB †`‡ki GK wbg©g I KwVb ev¯ÍeZv -  GB wZb e¯‘i †Kvb µgn«vmgvb Dc‡hvM †bB| GQvov Avgiv  †`k‡cÖg, †`k‡cÖg, ¯^vaxbZvi †PZbv, gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv BZ¨vw` wb‡q hZ evMvo¤^iB Kwi bv †Kb, Avgv‡`i Pwi‡Îi †gvUv`v‡M wK †Kvb cwieZ©b n‡q‡Q? †`‡k ‡`kvZ¥‡evaK Mv‡bi msL¨v hZUv †e‡o‡Q wVK ZZUvB cÖK…Z †`k‡cÖg, †`kvZ¥‡eva, †`‡ki gvby‡li cÖwZ kÖ×v I fvjevmv K‡g‡Q| ZvB AvBqye Lvb‡K ev Av‡iv KvD‡K hZB MvjvMvj †`Iqv †nvK bv †Kb, Zvi ch©‡eÿb¸‡jv wfwËnxb? ivRbxwZ‡K AvR †Kv_vq bvgv‡bv n‡q‡Q? A‡b‡Ki g‡Z GUvB wK AvR webv cyuwRi e¨emvi GK ¯^Y©wW¤^cÖmwebx GK ivRnsm bq? GLv‡b AvR †Lv` AvIqvgx jx‡Mi m¤úv`K mv‡ne‡KI ej‡Z nq GLv‡b mZZvi h‡_ô Afve Av‡Q| RbM‡bi bv‡g RbMb‡K †kvl‡bi hZ iKg cš’v Av‡Q Zvi me¸‡jvB wK G‡¯Ígvj n‡”Q bv? ivRbxwZKiv wK AvR RbMb‡K µgvMZ eøvd w`‡qB hv‡”Qb bv? AvR mgv‡R hZ iKg AbvPvi AZ¨vPvi AwePvi _vKv m¤¢e, Zvi me¸‡jvB m‡MŠi‡e weivRgvb| AvR evgy‡bi †Q‡j gvKo gvi‡j †avKo nq Avi k~‡`ªi †Q‡j hvq bi‡K| Av`k© I bxwZ-‰bwwZKZvi †Kvb RvqMv Av‡Q GLv‡b? G meB wK gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv, ¯^vaxbZvi †PZbv wQj? †Kej hv‡i †`L‡Z bvwi Zvi Qjb evuKv, GUvB wK Avgv‡`i ivRbxwZi g~j †PZbv? mwZ¨ ej‡Z wK hw` ¯^vaxbZvi AvKvsLvi †cQ‡b †Kvb mwZ¨Kvi Av`k© _vKZ Z‡e GB †`k AvR‡K Ggb Ae¯’vq †cŠuQz‡Z cviZ bv| A‡b‡KB ej‡eb †h Avgv‡`I wK A_©‰bwZK DbœwZ nq wb? wbðqB n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Zvi mv‡_ cvjøv w`‡q Zvi †P‡q eû¸‡b jyU-‡jvcvU `yb©xwZ wK ev‡owb? ‡`‡ki GgbwK iv÷ªxq †KvlvMvi †_‡KI hLb A_© cvPvi (bv wK Pzwi) n‡Z cv‡i ZLb Zv‡K †Kvb ai‡bi DbœwZ e‡j we‡ePbv Kiv hvq? mgv‡R ˆelg¨ wK K‡g‡Q bv †e‡o‡Q? Avg RbMb wK mwZ¨Kv‡ii b¨vq I mywePvi cv‡”Q? ZvB hw` nq Z‡e †`‡ki gvbyl Aejxjvq ¸g n‡q hvq wKfv‡e? wKfv‡e Zv‡`i KwP KwP mšÍvb‡`i‡K ÿgZvi m‡e©v”P ch©vq †_‡K Aejxjvq wb®‹¤úwP‡Ë †avuKv †`Iqv nq? wKfv‡e Zv‡`i Amnvq evev-gv‡q‡`i †Pv‡Li cvwb Avgib Si‡Z _v‡K Avi iv÷ª Zvi †Kvb c‡ivqvB K‡i bv?

ZvB Avgv‡`i mv‡_, GgbwK Avgv‡`i c‡iI ¯^vaxb n‡q‡Q G iKg †`‡ki †P‡q Avgv‡`i wcwQ‡q covi Kvib G¸‡jvB| Avgiv BwZnv‡mi ev¯ÍeZv‡K Pvcvi †Rv‡i A¯^xKvi K‡i, wb‡R‡`i †jv‡fi Av¸‡b mKj Av`k© I bxwZ-‰bwZKZv‡K wemR©b w`‡q hZB Dbœq‡bi MvjMí XvK‡Xvj mnKv‡i evRvB bv †Kb, Zv‡Z Avgv‡`i fvM¨ ev fwel¨Z e`jv‡bv cÖvq Am¤¢e\    

Good evening friends. Last night we talked about the contexts in which we use imperative sentences. Now let's discuss in which situation we use optative (= wish) sentences. Look below:
You gave a 5-taka note to an old woman. She said, "May Allah bless you."
Again,
You are going to sit for the final examination. Mother said, "May Allah grant you grand success."
The sentences within "--" are optative (= wish) sentences. Speeches expressing wishes usually start with May and sometimes, also without May. For example: God bless you.

Now,  Such speeches are also called wishes, as ---

I wish I could be there to help you. I wish I were so rich as to help you.
To be brief, any speech expressing wish is an optative sentence.
Exclamations:
Exclamation is what we utter to exppress sudden feelings. It may be joy, admiration, sorrow, happiness, surprise or astonishment, wonder, anger, disgust/hate etc. Look below:
Hurrah! we have won the game. (joy) Bravo! you have won. (admiration) Alas! I am undone. (sorrow) Ah! at last we have reached our goal. (happiness) What* a beautiful bird it is! (wonder)
How* sweet a girl you are! (admiration) You did it! (surprise/astonishment) What a fool you are! (disgust) Fie! you are a thief. (hate) What! how dare you! (anger)
Observe carefully that exclamations are made by either putting what, how,  or such exclamatory words as Alas, Fie, Ah, Oh etc. are words of exclamation, expressing different feelings such as has been shown in the brackets.
* Observe carefully the use of What and How as introductory words of exclamation. Both what and how take an adjective after them; but the construction is What a + Adj, but How + Adj + a.
That's all for now. Feel free to ask any question. Good night and sweet dreams.

Good evening friends. Yesternight we talked about a few difficulties in determining tense and suggested solutions thereto. Now let's discuss how to change one type of sentence into another. We've already learnt that sentences are of five kinds; viz, statement (assertive), interrogative, imperative, optative and exclamatory. Now let's see how they can be interchanged. Look below:
I am going home. He has gone home. We shall go home. I can do it. (statement)
Am I going home? Has he gone home? Shall we go home? Can I do it? (question)
Now see that just by putting the HV (=helping verb) before the agent/subject, a statement can be changed into a question. All sentences starting with an HV can be changed in the same way. Look below again:
We have been playing football for an hour. (statement)
Have we been playing football for an hour? (question)
N.B.:- When there are more than one HV, put the first before the agent/subject.
Now, what can we do ifthere is no HV? Look below:
We/You go home. He goes home. He did it. (statements)
Do* we/you go home? Does* he go home? Did* he do it? (question)
* When there is no HV, 'do' in the present and 'did' in the past tense is put before the subject to make questions.
Now let's see how questions can be made with question-words and for what purpose. Look below:
He is at home now. (statement)
Who is at home now? (question - to ask about a person)
I went home. (stement)
Where did I go? (question - to ask about place)
I want a book. (statement)
What do I want? (question - to ask about a thing)
I went to school at 10.00 a.m. (statement)
When did* I go to school? (question - to ask about time)
I did the job easily. (statement)
How did I do the job? (question - to ask about the manner of doing the job)
I work for money. (statement)
Why do I work? (question - to ask about reason/cause)
From the above statements and questions you can easily understand how to ask questions about persons, place, time, manner and reason and how to answer them.
That's all for now. Feel free to ask any question. Good night and sweet dreams.
For convenience, go to my blog S.Ali's Monologue => http://sardarsali-bangladeshtour-blogpost.com

Good evening friends. We've discussed quite a good number of items in EnglishGuru posts. Now let's disecuss a few tense-related topics which you might find useful. For example many think it difficult to differentiate between present continuous and present perfect continous and also present perfect and past tense. There may also be problems in understanding the differce between past and past perfect tenses. Now let's discuss them one by one. Look below:
I have taken my breakfast. ( Present perfect - I have taken breakfast just now)
I took my breakfast. (Past simple - I took breakfast some time in the past, may be 2/3 hours or more)
Again,
I am reading this book. (I am in the act of reading - not finished yet)
but -- I have been reading this book for* two hours.(=> I started reading this book some time (say, two hours) ago and am still reading it.
I have been reading this book since* 12.00 noon.
* for indicates period of time and since indicates point of time.
From the above two sentences, you can easily understand that when some 'action' starts some time in the past and continues when it's being reported, it becomes 'present perfect continous' tense. It means continuous tense becomes perfect continuous when time is mentioned or understood. For example:
We are playing football. (=> we are in the act of playing)
but --We have been playing football for an hour. (time is mentioned)
but -- He looks very tired. In answer to our question he replies (that) he has been working in his garden. (time though not mentioned, we understand that he has been working for long.)
The same thing happens in the case of past simple, past perfect and past perfect continuous tenses. Look below:
We went home. (simple past - only indicates that our 'action' happened in the past.
We had gone home before the rain began. (two actions happened; but the one happened first, is put in the past perfect and the latter, in the simple past tense. Here also time is mentioned or understood )
You could not find me there because I had gone home..(time is understood)
We had played before the rain began. (both actions happened in the past and were complete)
but -- We had been playing when the rain began. (we started our game some time ago and we were still plying when the rain began)
N.B.:- It's to be kept in mind that in the perfect continous tenses, time is always mentioned or understood.
That's all for now guys. Feel free to ask any question. Good night and sweet dreams.
For convenience, go to S.Ali's Monologue -> http://sardarsali-bangladeshtour-blogpost.com

Good evening friends. Last night we talked about conjunctions  and their uses. Now let's discuss a few more conjunctions and their uses. Look below:
either --- or, neither ---- nor, both --- and
Either he or his brother is guilty. (alternative - either he is guilty or his brother is guilty)
Neither he nor his brother is guilty. (alternative - negative of either  - or)
He is both poet and politician. (meaning 'and'/'also')
as ---- so, so ----as, than, so --- that, 
As you sow, so shall you reap. (indicative of result)
He is not so tall as his brother (is)*. (cmparison)
He is taller than his brother (is tall)*
* The bracketed part need not be written/spoken. It's rather understood.
so + adjective + that
He was so tired that he could hardly stand. (indicative of result/consequence)
=> He is extremely tired and as a result, he can hardly stand.
There are  a few other connectives which we use to maintain a kind of congruity or relevance to the previous speeches. Look below:
He did not study hard, consequently, he failed.
We were shocked to hear that he had failed. Obviously, it was beyond our expectation.
He picked a quarrel with his boss and at a stage scuffled with him. Thus he ruined his chance of getting a promotion.
Observe carefully that the bold words (consequently, obviously, thus) have been used to link the two sentences to maintain 'coherence'. These are also a kind of connectives or better say, connectors.
Good evening friends. Last night we talked about conjunctions and their uses. Now let's discuss a few more conjunctions and their uses. Look below: either --- or, neither ---- nor, both --- and Either he or his brother is guilty. (alternative - either he is guilty or his brother is guilty) Neither he nor his brother is guilty. (alternative - negative of either - or) He is both poet and politician. (meaning 'and'/'also') as ---- so, so ----as, than, so --- that, As you sow, so shall you reap. (indicative of result) He is not so tall as his brother (is)*. (cmparison) He is taller than his brother (is tall)* * The bracketed part need not be written/spoken. It's rather understood. so + adjective + that He was so tired that he could hardly stand. (indicative of result/consequence) => He is extremely tired and as a result, he can hardly stand. There are a few other connectives which we use to maintain a kind of congruity or relevance to the previous speeches. Look below: He did not study hard, consequently, he failed. We were shocked to hear that he had failed. Obviously, it was beyond our expectation. He picked a quarrel with his boss and at a stage scuffled with him. Thus he ruined his chance of getting a promotion. Observe carefully that the bold words (consequently, obviously, thus) have been used to link the two sentences to maintain 'coherence'. These are also a kind of connectives or better say, connectors. That's all for now friends. Feel free to ask any question. Good night and sweet dreams.That's all for now friends. Feel free to ask any question. Good night and sweet dreams.

More about Prepositions and their uses

EnglishGuru - Connectives
Good evening friends. I'm back! We've already talked about various uses of prepositions. Now let's talk about another part of speech - Conjunction. But no; let's talk about 'connectives' - which may sound unfamiliar to many. Yes, connectives are very useful to make large speeches i,e, sentences. They are also known as linking words. They are of two kinds mainly; viz, Relatives and Conjunctions. Let's discuss them one by one.
Relatives: Relatives are as follows:
Karim is the boy who came here yesterday. (who - relative pronoun)
I know Karim whose father worksin a bank. (whose - relative pronoun)
He said what I could not hear. (what - relative pronoun)
It was Rahim whose pen I borrowed. (whose - relative adjective modifying pen)
We don't go out while it rains. (while - relative adverb indicating time.)
I was watching TV when he came. (when - relative adverb indicating time)
Conjunctions: Conjunctions are chiefly of two kinds; viz, Co-ordinating and Subordinating conjunctions. Again, co-ordinating conjunctions are of four kinds. Look below:
We went there and (we) saw a tragic scene. (and -  joiner of two sentences)
He is rich but (he is) unhappy. (but - disjunctive, indicating contrast)
Read hard or/otherwise you will fail. (or/otherwise - alternative)
He studied hard so he succeeded. (so - result)

Subordinating connectives: Look below:
We failed to reach there in time as/since there was traffic jam in the road. (cause)
(Al)Though he tried his best, he could not succeed. (though - contrast)
We shall stay at home if it rains. (if - condition)
You were scolded because you made a mistake. (because - cause)
We play football till it is evening. (till - indicating time)
We played until it was dusk. (until - indicating time)
N.B.:- before, after, since, when, and while also indicate time.
That's all for now friends. We'll talk about a few more connectives next time. Feel free to ask any question. Good night and sweet dreams.